- ice
- The solid form of water
- ice ages
- Recurring periods in Earth's history when the climate was colder and glaciers expanded to cover larger areas of the Earth's surface
- ice caps
- Smaller ice sheets which cap many islands in the Arctic Ocean and in and near Iceland
- ice lens
- A dominantly horizontal, lens-shaped body of ice of any dimension
- ice nucleating agents (INAs)
- Any substance (often a particle) that initiates ice crystal formation. In cells, ice nucleating agents can be proteins.
- ice streams
- Lineaments of ice flowing within a glacier which, if they encounter one another, do not mix. River inflow streams eventually mix, although they may remain discrete in their early encounter. Ice streams gouge out their bases and carry till. The sides of ice streams may be marked by lateral moraines and where two streams flow, there may be medial moraines of till dividing the ice streams. Ice streams may reach the terminus; or may melt away before then, leaving lobate terminal moraines.
- ice vein
- An ice-filled crack or fissure in the ground
- ice wedge
- A massive, generally wedge-shaped body with its apex pointing downward, composed of foliated or vertically banded, commonly white, ice
- icebergs
- Floating chunks of ice which have calved off a glacier: 5/6th underwater 1/6th above. Northern hemisphere icebergs are fractured off a glacial edge and tend to have jagged tops, while southern hemisphere icebergs have about 60 to 90 meters of their mass above the sea surface and are flat on top because they have fractured from the flat topped ice shelves which project out over the southern oceans. Icebergs can occur in fresh or salt water.
- igneous rock
- One of three main groups of rock types, describing those rocks that have crystallised from magma and then turned into either volcanic rocks or plutonic rocks
- illuviation
- Process of deposition (in-washing) of soil material, either from suspension or solution, and usually into a lower soil horizon, after removal from above or from a lateral source
- insolation
- Incoming solar radiation
- ionic pulse
- Release of solutes from storage in the seasonal snowpack. Increased ionic concentration during snowmelt (concentrations of the main ions in the first meltwater may exceed the snowpack average by several times, as most of the pollutant load is eluted early during the spring thaw)
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